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Your situation presents Mr John W. cancer as doing in a civilian defense a volunteer Office program known as in letters from home and abroad as cattle Good morning radio friends the last week's events in this country have been so tremendous So route shaking that we have been stunned and in a sense I think still we are suffering from shock But time marches on and it's March it is pointing out to us with ruthless clarity certain things it is our obligation and our duty to recognize and know about and act upon numbed and amused as we may be Mr Castle seems very high on the machine for any of us to think really clearly. And yet never a time in our history missed a child when it is so critically essential that we do what sort of thing you referred to that you feel it is our obligation and duty to consider at this time the relentless rushing of our armies across Germany to meet the equally relentless onrush of the Russians makes evident that this phase of the global war is swiftly drawing to its close at the same time from all parts of the world delegates are gathering on our shores to meet in San Francisco to discuss with all the wisdom of that command the structure and machinery of an international organization for the preservation of world peace it is do these things we must give thought Mr child but Mr Cash was really here I mean we as individual people can do nothing to hasten the fall of Germany Letterman's in the hands of the fighting forces and their leaders as far as the conference in San Francisco is concerned I'm afraid well that there again there's very little we individuals can do to make a success of failure I don't like to disagree with you Mr child but I do in the first place I don't believe any of us realize just how much people here at home have individual they have to do with the speed of our fighting forces abroad the individual pairs of hands that have worked night and day building the guns the playing. The tanks the ships making supplies the individual heart's blood that has made the house more all these things and so much more if they had not been done and done in great quantities our troops could not move as they are moving now in the second place what we have done to make possible the other defeat of our enemy obligates us as nothing else to see to it that what has been so clearly won must be worthwhile and that such was the sacrifices do not happen again. I see what you mean you're saying we should do everything we can to support the building of an organization for world peace and that because one of the rules or one war is drawing to its ended it's important that we think about this now and not written to Mars that that's right not so very many years ago almost a child well was in the memory of many of us an effort was made to establish an international organization for peace the League of Nations that it failed has now become history but there is one thing we should remember people individual people were not too clear what it was all about and consequently not too sure whether they believe that are not that is a mistake we cannot afford to repeat what I have green with you know yet it still seems hard to. Know just what an individual can do we are lucky these days and having many ways by which we can inform ourselves newspapers more magazines and have a thought on the time of the printed word and most recent of all the radio and intelligent use of all these we can learn a great deal we can read and hear both sides and come to our own conclusions there is another way to another way yes discussion last week Mr child we listened in on a group of friends who were discussing the Dumbarton Oaks proposals they became so interested in the subject they decided to meet every week to study it that are shall we listen to them again yes I do very much might help us all. Oh Margaret you're already counting eyes well you said you'd meet me here so I thought I'd come over a little early to see if I could help you Alan Oh no thanks everything's done Margaret I've just finished making some coffee good to keep me awake but I love it feels as if it's the only thing that was it seems to be away. Over here come Janet Duncan I can see him from the window I have me and he gets to please oh hello you're so nice and prompt you to George should be here any minute and so should Philip a little ahead of time I think but Janet always gets off to a head start but that coffee smells good it certainly does Alice what a good idea you are bring it in for ALL Here's Philip oh oh. Wait all right she couldn't come perhaps you'd be here later where's Alice where she went to get the coffee feel Take off your coat Mark would you bring over those notes of mine No I didn't Philip did you want me to course I did Honey I had a lot of stuff I wanted to read never mind fill out of my notes at home too we'll just have to remember well here's your coffee everyone now just go ahead and help herself. By that taste good well if anyone got any questions on their minds tonight I have I want to know more about what you call the Security Council in the Dumbarton Oaks quiet MARGARET I was just sort of wondering down oh I bet you had the same article I did my going about the five permanent nations on the Security Council I heard someone talking about that on the radio wasn't very clear to me Well as I understand it it's one of the main and most important parts of the whole plan is not so few It's one of the most important Duncan But let's go back a bit first you remember how the Dumbarton Oaks blueprint outlined the way that the world organization should be set up you mean with the General Assembly and its economic and social committee the International Court of Justice the Security Council and the military stuff committee that's right well I finally got that much straight but I'm still not sure what they all do I'm not exactly sure either although Duncan you. We have beautiful cello it's really very simple Phil drew me a chart too well it's like looking at the map of a cow in the crop all the different cuts I mean now if you start at the table right it has nothing to do with i Cal Margaret's going to have to sit in her own way Phil Seriously though as I understand it each member of the General Assembly is entitle to one vote but how about the Security Council that's right Duncan discussions are held in the general assembly and questions that can't be settled in this is family are referred to the Security Council will come to that later well how do they vote in the General Assembly How silly of us when they vote like anyone else does well like we did last fall Phil and I have great Margaret Alice means what percentage of votes and I know what I want to know when important decisions like recommendations for the maintenance of international peace and security and the election of members of the Security Council and of the Economic and Social Council admissions of members and so on suspension or expulsion of members and budgetary questions require a two thirds majority of those present and voting Well the questions like determining the additional sort of questions to be decided by two thirds majority are settled by a straight majority vote is not right but that seems easy enough do they do the same in the Security Council where I'm not quite so little bit different system there the problem is different there's a distinction made between the clause the judicial function of the Security Council and promoting peaceful settlement of disputes and the political function of the council in taking action for the maintenance of peace and security Well I don't see why they have to make it harder do you Janet it's confusing but well I suppose it's because the two counsel serve a different purpose that's exactly why the Security Council is engaged in promoting peaceful settlement of disputes no nation large or small should be above the law this means that no nation large or small if it is a party to a dispute would take part in the. Of the Security Council they can take part on specific counts is not it yes one where the matter should be investigated to whether the dispute is of the sort likely to threaten peace three whether the council should call on the disputing parties to settle a dispute by means of their own choice for whether a recommendation should be made as to methods and procedures of settlement five whether the council knowing of the dispute should make recommendations before it is formally referred to the council Well that one sounds ridiculous I don't see why they can't wait I had MARGARET Listen to the rest six what this sort of recommendation would be or how can they possibly tailor I don't think it would be hard to make recommendations before a dispute was formally presented no that's not so are those the councils are bound to work closely together if the Security Council sees trouble ahead it should have the right to make recommendations to the General Assembly if they are agreed that such a step is why I can see that look I want the rest of the list where I bring this down to number seven whether the legal aspect of the dispute should be referred to the court of justice for advice eight is whether a regional agency should be asked to concern itself with a dispute and finally nine whether the dispute should be referred to the General Assembly I thought the dispute came from the General Assembly Philip Well sometimes it doesn't sometimes it doesn't Margaret as we just said that's one side of the Security Council the other side where the council is called upon to perform its political functions of actions for keeping peace and security a difference is made between the permanent members of the Council. The five great powers and the other six rotating members Alice I think I'd like another cup of coffee Well that's a good idea my wood let's all have some oh you know we're all getting sleepy Oh yeah no feel but my brain is beginning to feel like a dish of oatmeal me the exercise Janet that's all I guess all I think you need a bit of exercise we haven't done too much of it in the past I'm afraid that's true Duncan makes me ashamed our kids know what they're fighting for their own you before he was killed yes I know he knew from his letters that he do know we have a letter from Bob I read your part of it later yes say no all right but they want to be sure that we know well I feel better now I'm wide awake what's the rest of the thing about the Security Council you left off about there being a difference between the the five permanent members and the other six when it comes to the need for political action for keeping peace and security well more great my thought you want listening to were a horse I was Philip I read Bob's letters to you know good girl Margaret Well anyway the difference is made for the practical reasons that the permanent members of the council must as a matter of necessity bear the principle responsibility for action Oh you mean unanimous agreement among the permanent members of the requisite and that in such matters the concurrence of all the permanent members would be required Yeah that's it for instance on questions like the determination of the existence of a real threat to our breach of peace the use of force or other enforcement measures approval of agreements for the supply of armed forces really is a lot clearer to me now thanks to you all I've got to work I think if we give it all our support if the people of the nations fail to support a world organization for peace it can't work its people like us on that's just what Bob wrote this I read his letter for you it is. We are also keen dad about Dumbarton Oaks and the San Francisco conference here's our real chance it can't be perfect I know but it's got to be tried they had you one mom and everyone at home have got to back it if you could know what we've gone through because last time people didn't know how I didn't care oh Dad it's got to be given every chance this time do everything you can you when Mom fail I think it's time we went home that second cup is beginning to wear off it's time we all went home with thanks for everything Alan has been a wonderful evening for us and a helper one too we'll meet again next week there's lots more to discuss Dude there is some of the problems look let's remember it can't be perfect all at once but the more we discuss it the better we'll understand the problems and the need they'll be for patients Well that's right I think Good night good night good night and thank you very much for your. Patience it's going to take a lot of that much is going to feel it is indeed Mr Charles I should like to quote to you however some lines that should encourage us in the use of patience in these tense days they are from the late President Roosevelt's message to Congress on January sixth of this year he said it is not only a common danger which unites us but the common hope ours is an association not of governments but of peoples and the people's hope is peace. It will not be easy to create this people's peace the thing foundation can be built and it will be built but the continuance and assurance of a living peace lost in the long run in the wake of the people themselves and that's true so true Mr child the wake of the people themselves it is only was this and with that patience that tolerance strength and the courage given freely and for others that we can hope to move into that safe and shining world we pray for with all our we are a Hearts you just heard Mrs John W. Castle's Jr on the CD be able consume a program using letters from home and abroad we have a lot of information available on these subjects we are glad to send to any of our radio audience rounds or any and greens you may have she gave you know there's a list of services in need of volunteers services in which you can do your part on the home front anyone wishing a copy of this list can write to their station W N Y Z minister building New York seven OK no news and letters from home and abroad program those participating in today's program are Emilie Neumann planning can ruin a play their house had failed and under the direction of Sara let's get Joan in at the same time next Friday for more letters and more News this is an initial Broadcasting System.