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My name is Lauren Lehman and I happen to be the president of the New York citizens committee a public higher education and I reason for being is really quite simple and it is stated clearly in the forward to the report. This morning I refer to this report here in the forward our purpose I stated quite clearly. We were organized in one thousand nine hundred four to expand opportunities for superior higher education for the youth of New York State in other words we as citizens are pressing for expanded facilities in public colleges and universities but I want to emphasize that we are not pressing for expansion or quantity at the expense of quality as indicated in the report one of our major goals is to accommodate the needs and interests of those young people who as a result of economic and social discrimination are not are not in the mainstream of community living there all too many of these young people in this city and even in a state whose deprivations are almost predestined from the day of their birth and we feel that if this is to be a great society the great society we've all been hearing so much about all children should be entitled to aspire to as high an education as their ability will will take them and finally I would like to make clear that our support of public higher education should not be construed in any way as an attack on or a challenge to private education but we believe very strongly that the strength of this nation and its people has sprung in large measure from the diversity of the American educational pattern. Certainly the issue is not private versus public education but rather how best can make stand the opportunity for higher education how best can we train our young people to their full potential and how best can we conserve and narration our most precious of all resources our human resources and now ladies and gentlemen I know I think I'm sure that I have held the stage state senator long enough perhaps too long particularly when you consider the great wealth of talent and experience represented on this platform today and now we shall hear from the three very prominent educators who will kick off this conference we have each we have asked each one of them to speak on the project it needs during the next decade in both private and public colleges in New York City and New York State the men of this platform as you can recognize are so distinguished it is no place A to say that they leave need little or no introduction and I'm sure that many of you know them and because it needs a little introduction I will act accordingly our first speaker who will represent the New York City situation is Dr Albert H. Bakker a he's a foreigner he comes from Massachusetts but he received his B.S. at MIT and his Ph D. at Columbia University he taught mathematics and statistics first at MIT and then at Stanford University in California where he became dean of the graduate division and from Stanford Dr Bakker came to New York as chancellor of our city university. In one thousand and sixty four he was president of the American Statistical Association and when he was elected a number of years before as a fellow of that association the citation read his original research as in statistical theory I brought world wide recognition and it's a perv ability in teaching and an organization have made his department an enviable model our speaker obviously belongs to many other organizations and he's written very great number of articles and has received awards and citations and agrees to numerous to mention is my great honor and privilege to introduce the chancellor of the City University of New York Dr Albert about their thank you thank you Mr Layman it's true that before I became an educational administrator. I used to be something of a theoretical statistician but since I've become chancellor I become to our most of my friends very applied looking at enrollment projections and one thing in another. I think. The big job and New York state for both public and private education is as Mr Layman said to build a system that is numerically adequate for our population. We stand I think it's interesting to look at where we stand today. And I've been doing some. Studies comparing New York State with other states in the union and I've been concerned mainly with the number of our residents who are in college in the state. In comparison with the college age population. The figures the last good figures are really nine hundred sixty two I think we stand a little better today but roughly speaking about twenty percent of the college age population in this state goes to college in the state. We rank a little bit. We rank in the top twenty we'd rank something like fifteenth or eighteenth if you compared States in there. In the percentage of in Roman. Which certainly don't rank first or second or third highest in Roman States in the states that do the best job are typically small western states Utah has led the country in offering opportunities for higher education for many years places like Arizona North Dakota etc California of course with its great educational system ranks something like eight to chant and we rank a little B. love that this is in terms of full time undergraduates or full time students in college if you look at total enrollment in the state which includes all of people going to evening session part time students and so forth we ranked a good deal higher I'd say ninety eight or nine thousand the country. About forty five percent or perhaps these people are not all eighteen to twenty one but on a comparative basis at least we'd rank very high. On my figures of course including here in Roman in both public and private education. I think this means that we if we are to have a New York State at the best educational system or and one which offers opportunities. We could. We could roughly increase our present day enrollment by fifty percent and we'd be at about the level of achievement that most of the top states have I find this approach a little more useful than trying to decide who exactly should go to college just to see what what is being done in states that have it first rate opportunities. I think we all know the basic facts about the financing of New York State. Taxes are high here. Expenditures on higher education are rather low. We would rank forty ninth's I think out of fifty on the percentage of tax money spent on higher education. We'd rank fairly high in per capita income fourth for this year for sixty two now but taxes are still fairly high here so. I haven't analyzed this in any great detail but it's it's apparent that the expenditures on on health and welfare are a good deal higher in the state and they are so our main enemies as the when the city commissioners meet and chat informally the commissioner of hospitals and I consider ourselves the main competitors but that's. That's what the situation is we have a good deal more in Rome and then we don't rank toward the bottom in enrollment in opportunity even though our our public expenditures is so low because of course of the well developed system of. And the major role played by private education here. Well what does it look like then. To the City University in the next few years. We have something of a closed system it's possible for us to look at the population of the city high school graduates our enrollments and see. About. What it might all amount to we were facing about a year and a half ago really a major crisis. We you probably know that this June is the largest number of students are graduating from high school around the country of course in the city more students than ever before there were six thousand we estimate more will graduate this June and the year before and ten thousand more last June than the year before fortunately the population now stabilizes and the high school can hear me. Talk with our I seem to be getting a cold so I probably thought you could hear me can you hear now all right. So this was really this June or this upcoming June is really. The biggest immediate crisis of the City University. Has undertaken what we called Operation shoehorn. And for the last two years we've been using a variety of devices in order to increase the efficiency of use of our physical plant they've been extremely difficult to do and we've gone about as far as we can These are things like early morning scheduling late afternoon scheduling. Hunter was made co-educational which made for more efficient use there we find the girls like to go where the boys are and we hope the boys now will go where the girls are. We've done and had to move in a good deal of rented space we have opened open just this year two new community colleges and one thing in another we have managed not only to. Keep Our keep pace with the increased population but we have managed to make steps toward the admissions standard that we have set as being educationally desirable our present thinking is that students who are roughly roughly the top quarter of students in the from the high school should be eligible for admission to our senior colleges this means there's mission average of about eighty two. The. Last year. The mission average was guaranteed at eighty four and several hundred students. Are below that got in so we didn't quite get to our stated objective. Rather looks as though we will this year. It's a little too early to say but from the point of view of college gentry. I think the. I'd like to sound a note of cautious optimism at least as far as this particular segment of the population is concerned I think we're going to be very very close indeed to our objective we have thirty eight thousand applications being processed for the first time by an I.B.M. machine so the possibility of an error haunts me a bit but anyway at the moment it looks pretty good now our planning then for senior colleges is to take this top quarter of the high school graduates. As a basis and we have made projections there in the master plan I don't think the numbers are are tremendously important. It looks to us as though. We will be able to sustain this effort. Through nine hundred seventy. With our four senior colleges and the building program we now have underway I mention this because the way we work unless we have a building and we have the money in hand today it isn't going to do us much good by nine hundred sixty eight or nine hundred sixty nine but we have major projects underway at City College Brooklyn College and we don't have projects on how to college in the Bronx hundred college downtown we have a major project which may go to nine hundred seventy and Queens College has a building underway and and one on one planned. We do expect however to have to open within the next two or three years a small college on Staten Island in order to keep pace with this population growth. We're giving very serious consideration to the possibility of an upper division college but the exact plans for that are not quite finished it's clear in the seventy's that if we are to have the same kind of opportunity we now have we will need a new four year college serving the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens and we haven't we are looking at various sites for that we haven't picked one yet. But the community college movement has been slower to get going here in the city. It looks as though we'll have something on the order of ten thousand students next year in our community colleges and we hope to be able to take in about six thousand we're still going through our budget cycle so we don't know exactly how it'll settle down there are six community colleges that are associated with the City University when the Board of Higher Education Acts as a local board for them they're also part of course of the State University. Here I think we'd like to go faster we could stand right now about twenty thousand students in community colleges and it would and I'm not sure that we couldn't have twenty five if we could open open them tomorrow we're under great pressure here we're going to try and double leads by certainly double by nine hundred seventy in one thousand nine hundred sixty eight if we can again detailed projections of the what we have in mind are available. They. Are our biggest problem here as I suppose in most of the state has been the physical plant I think you know all our community colleges we only have two that are operating in permanent buildings were using rented space in improvised corridors of various sorts and our main problem here will be first to get the money to build good campuses and good buildings and and then to get it done. As far as the problem. I think it's clear to us now that if we looked at it for a couple of years that the. Juggling nian Roman up or down a little bit is not going to be enough to get substantial numbers of Negro in Puerto Rican kids into the system. The. The whole process is complicated we will be able to analyze all of our applications for admission this year and see exactly what it what they amount to we are doing five or six rather specific different things to try and reach this segment of our constituency in a more militant way. Then those that would come by normal expansion we have the college Discovery Program which took in about three hundred kids this year into a special. Program involving extra work extra guidance. Limited programs for a while these were these were chosen from the high school graduating class. But were chosen more by the recommendations of principals and counselors than on the basis of grades. We are following those people as they come along we find of course that they're extremely poor financially and they're having a good deal of academic trouble. We expect to get a fair number of them through the four years of college and we. And a fair number of them into career programs perhaps in the community colleges. We're quite encouraged by this in a way although I suspect when we are working with groups of the students we will find the attrition rather high I will take in another. Six to eight hundred next year again the budget isn't completely settled and. We will have I think. All on the whole something like sixteen thousand students who are taken in the regular way next year probably about six to eight hundred who are taken in the special program play found however that. A lot of the people from the very poorest groups are not applying for college the two or three things that we have observed one president work as is. A community college which opened this year. Which enables students to work and in a systematic and related way when they're going to college and the high enrollment in our evening session from new grown Puerto Rican groups is beginning to suggest very strongly to us that. Free tuition if you like is not enough that most of these kids really cannot afford not so much to go to college but they can't afford to give up the income they lose while attending college and I think that. Some method of financing. Probably by work. Is going to be the answer to much more achievement along these lines. That work study program as planned by the federal government may have some impact but it's a little disappointing it's a dollar and a half a dollar and a quarter an hour for fifteen hours a week and that's not very much money to someone who's really poor it's good for middle class kids to do well there in college but it doesn't really. All. Our kids really need money can't work for a dollar for dollar and a half an hour they have to get two or three dollars an hour if they're going to work part. Time We're also taking a good look at teacher training activities in various ways it's city colleges have the responsibility for training maybe a third or so the teachers in the city school system. So when we look at the City school system we also have to look at ourselves. And All kinds of relationships new types of interned programs a lot more Apprentice teaching and some modification of the coup. Regular is going on. We do think and here present Google will be playing pleased to hear it we do think one thing we could do rather quickly would be to introduce junior community college instruction on television again to the Borough of Manhattan Community College we're hoping next year to start. Some in television instruction we've been working talking to the poverty operations board and two other similar groups and our idea would be to have a viewing room and community centers or in neighborhoods where community action groups are at work we would have associated with this viewing room a library and all the space for tutors and things of this sort. So that we would be able very quickly to handle. A lot more students and we're planning they're fairly practical commercial subjects. Well just let me conclude by saying a word about the state master plan. Which we're going to be talking about in public airing next week I think they've done an extremely good job. One could argue it could be this way or that way a little bit but I think it it does represent a document which most people can subscribe and can agree I saw the California state master plan being written and. I must say that there are lots of things about this one that are a good deal better as a as a document. It does provide for great increase in enrollment it does try to say what will happen in public and private sectors. And I think it represents a very workman like job. The California master plan as I said was not a good but not as good in many ways but had one great advantage when it was finished it was implemented and the legislature was committed to it the public was committed to it. Various people every time you went and tried to change it somebody would say you can't do that that's against the master plan it was like God and motherhood so I think what we need to do in this state is once we have agreed as I suspect we will on the plan the regents have put forward is to support it to have this officials of the city and the state. Harassed to death if they don't back it up thank you. Thank you very much Dr Bacher Our next speaker is Dr Samuel. Was needed a native of New York City sieges be a degree from Bates College at Emory from New York University and in addition he has done graduate work at Oxford Cambridge and Harvard University's Dr Who has been a high school instructor a college professor at the BART a department head added administrator and I think you would agree that his main calling in life seems to be that of college president in one nine hundred fifty four he had at the faculty at Adyar College in Ohio college etc has always fascinated me I've never been there but I've gotten a lot of their documents and papers in one hundred fifty nine he was chosen as the first chancellor of the University of California in Santa Barbara. And then as you perhaps all of you know he stepped momentarily out of the strictly academic world to assume the presidency of the educational Broadcasting Corporation channel thirty that is during the critical years Everts infancy and from there he was plucked by the regents and the governor powers that be to become the president of our rapidly expanding as state universities any one of the biggest in the country and we hope will be one of the best a very very soon like the previous bigger Dr Who has written extensively on a number of boards and has been watered and number of honorary degrees and citations much too numerous to mention it is my great honor and a real privilege to introduce the president of the State University of New York Dr Samuel B. if you thank Mr Lehman ladies and gentleman. I feel greatly privileged this morning to join my distinguished colleagues on this panel and to explore with them and with you. A subject of such Great Importance meetings like this are essential to the future of higher education in this state and we cannot have too many of their essential since they serve to place our problems squarely before us and every Vin more essential when they are the cause of unlike in the immediate action let me move swiftly to the issues that concern us all this is a conference on the present emergencies that face the higher edge of public higher education in New York. And there are many emergencies presently facing higher education in this state there are emergency use of numbers of staffing a financing of technological change. Of providing for the disadvantaged to be courage in the gifted and of strengthening and nurturing the individual consciousness and conscience each one of these is a breath taking emergency by itself yet all must be met simultaneously surely adequately appropriately and courageously or we should we shall face a major tragedy equal to that of the decimation caused by war failure on our part will mean a mentally stunted population large in number but small and potential it will mean that this great and proud state will be relegated to a secondary position among her sisters as she falls behind and for Viking her share of the nation's leadership and it will cause an outcry among our citizenry that will make all other protests seem puny by comparison failure then is unthinkable New York will never settle for less than the best it's difficult for some people to realize that the State University of New York has a very primary and important role to play in meeting these emergencies we are after all the youngest State University in the United States and our first sixteen years of existence to say nothing of our birth have been marked with a bitter struggle unbelievable opposition and sometimes with what is worst of all complete indifference such attitudes are changing slowly gradually but surely yet they are prevalent enough to make it necessary for us to make clear our place in our mission again and again the key to what is happening in our state today is found in the changing relationship between the public and private colleges and universities. Unlike the West or Middle West where the large state universities are usually in the forefront the development of public higher education has been slower in the Atlantic states and particularly in New York until recently the larger number of excellent private institutions has met the need now we are entering a new phase in public higher education in New York since it is stated in the January nine hundred sixty five tentative statewide plan for higher education of the regents that and I'm quoting here even if the private colleges State University and sitting on a versa they achieve the enrollment goals set for themselves by nine hundred seventy there will be a gap from forty nine thousand to one hundred eighty one thousand between the number of students enrolled full time in colleges and universities. Two year and four year and the number of eighteen to twenty one year olds in the state's population at that time who would be capable of succeeding in college study that's the end of the quotation and this is admitted Li a conservative estimate one implication for State University and I would assume for City University is obvious this is to build facilities and provide faculty and staff to care for all the students whom the private colleges and universities cannot admit but since there persists a mistaken notion that the state university exists to enroll the rejects from private institutions I should tell you also that the implications of growth go much deeper. Our admissions officers report that the percentage of well qualified applicants is rising so sharply that the public and private colleges combined will have all the able students they can teach including graduates including candidates for graduate work so much so that all of us will be hard pressed to admit them here and avoid loss to other states let me illustrate specifically the state university applications in one nine hundred sixty three where nine percent ahead of one thousand and sixty two. In one nine hundred sixty four these applications were thirty nine percent ahead of one nine hundred sixty three and in one thousand and sixty five as of Naam we are thirty five percent ahead of one nine hundred sixty four several of our campuses have already closed their doors on applicants for the September one thousand nine hundred sixty five entering class and in spite of this our enrollment for sixty five sixty six will rise to over one hundred thousand full time students there is no threat to this there is no threat in this to the private institutions in regard to numbers of students many of the private institutions are discovering a new willingness to grow larger and to enjoy larger numbers of today's eager students in regard to program some small private colleges are rediscovering the fact that combinations of liberal arts and specialized fields such as teaching which for so long was the major province of public institutions are quite appropriate on their campuses. And finally the so-called financial threat to private colleges and universities is being met by steadily increasing private contribution by associations of private institutions who band together to add to one another's strength of educational resources as well as by an increasing support from public funds both directly and indirectly and both for operational and capital in strict construction needs I would commend to your attention one of the charts in the Regent's master plan which shows the steady increasing percentage of public funds provided to the private institutions directly in this state and this does not count the monies given to rectally to the students now in this new phase of higher education in New York we must find a way to blend the efforts of both public and private institutions the region state wide plan for higher education suggests this need and urges long range planning for all but up to now only the public universities are required to do such planning and there has been insufficient voluntary planning by the others such voluntary planning becomes a major responsibility if we are to attack the total problem of the state intelligently and without it a great deal of the meaning in the cogency of the regents plan is dissipated the State University has no desire to grow for Growth sake it wishes only to fulfill its mandated responsibility to the citizens namely to provide higher education to all who have earned the right to it and who cannot find a haven elsewhere and it will continue in its efforts to fulfill this mandate at all levels of higher education with steady improvement in quality at every level. And some of you know by now the achievement of identity unity and quality for the State University of New York has become my battle cry and the goal toward which my colleagues and I will work without deviation or compromise we've issued a master plan that is the first step in our efforts and will soon issue additions that spell out the details and point the way to still other plans the achievement of identity unity and quality is our approach to coping with the present emergencies that I mentioned just a few minutes ago let me put these then within the framework of the state university for you first the emergency of numbers we have ninety three thousand full time students at present one hundred sixty thousand projected for nine hundred seventy one hundred eighty five thousand by nine hundred seventy four in order to accommodate these we have a construction program underway which amounts to a billion one hundred fifty million dollars at the present time for example there are some seventy five projects which by projects I mean buildings under construction by nineteen A By this time by by next July we expect to have under construction approximately one hundred sixty eight buildings this is the rate at which we are moving in order to accommodate these numbers of students. To give you another illustration of our efforts to meet the problem of numbers we have on three of our campuses at the present time pilot projects and year round calendars as a way of determining what are the best ways by which to use facilities year round not necessarily for the acceleration of any individual students program but rather for as a way of making better use of the facilities we already have in the emergency of staffing this year alone we have added fourteen hundred faculty and staff to the university and this is the rate at which we shall be adding for a number of years to come this is had a tremendous implication for us in the way in which we go about recruiting because obviously it's no longer possible to do this in some sort of haphazard fashion instead we now have to organize systematically offices of recruitment to deal with the possibilities not only in our own country but abroad you may be interested to know that at the State University at Buffalo over twenty five percent of the faculty comes from other countries of the world the emergency of financing we have requested a budget of one hundred seventy nine point eight million for next year which represents a change of about forty million dollars over the previous year and the reason this seems like a great change there are really two reasons first is just the natural growth of the institution since we are accommodating approximately fifteen thousand more students than the year before but the most important aspect in this change represents the attempt to add quality in the academic program for example our libraries. Our I was going to use the word hopelessly but that of course is the wrong word but they are so far behind in in terms of where they should be as university libraries that it is now necessary to ask for a special sum from the legislature to be given for the next three to four years just to bring a group of the libraries up to scratch so that they can begin to be what university libraries ought to be and this is in addition to the normal kinds of expenditures for the other libraries that we have Furthermore we have the overarching problem of how you develop a library system with all these various campuses of the university so that you don't have duplication on every campus and so that you have interchange of resources in the most instantaneous fashion possible and in the most effective way possible these are the types of problems which we face and therefore the kinds of things we ask for in the budget in terms of the increase of quality we're talking about new types of programs we have asked for example for a whole new approach to the matter of International Affairs and International Studies and I could go on with these but I mustn't take too much of your time there is the emergency of technological change. We are at present involved in a survey of the technical training needs at the post high school level to meet employment opportunities and to counteract act the effects of automation and out of this study may appear the necessity to develop certain specialized institutions of a vocational nature to take care of the kinds of students the chancellor bunker was mentioning a moment ago this huge group of students and I'm not speaking just of New York City because we have the same problem in Buffalo and Syracuse and other parts of the state to take care of the kind of student who is not ready or not qualified to go into the City University of New York for example who is not being explored in the community colleges but who has a very specialized and practical need that must be taken care of on the television has been mentioned as you know part of our plan this year which we have asked for is a statewide television network founded in the state university but available throughout the state. I think I probably have had about as much experience with educational television as most people in New York state and out of it is come just one major conviction and that is that educational television will never survive and never flourish if it has to be completely dependent upon local councils and the large US of the community I think that it must be founded in a stable permanent institution of the community so that it has at least a basis on which to get its initial funding and its initial operation and it's on this principle that we have base this new state wide network I think it's a sound plan I hope that you will support it I think that we are years behind New York State in the development that we need in this area and this opens up all kinds of possibilities for community education for the kinds of community college education that Dr Bacher mentioned earlier the possibilities are unlimited and I'm not even talking about the general cultural possibilities that come from this in our building plans we are making a major shift in this direction incidentally in the creation of what we call communication centers which are a combination of lecture halls and various other communication media in which we're adopting adapting ourselves to the new. Technological means by which instruction can be carried on and communication generally the emergency of the disadvantaged student we have a whole series of work and study programs underway now under the Economic Opportunity Act and these will be increasing we are carrying on research at the present time with the culturally deprived pre-kindergarten children. We are involved in the organization of a whole series of community action programs we have on a number of our campuses a program of free tutoring by able students to the less able and we have also engaged in introduced a whole series of clerical training courses for students who need this very practical kind of approach to vote to a vocation these are samples of the kinds of things I mention them only to indicate that we are trying to move into this field as quickly as possible the emergency of the gifted student we mustn't forget that the gifted student deserves as much attention as the disadvantaged if we are to think in terms of the leadership to be developed in our state and in the country we have asked for money in this budget for a new honors program for students we've asked for money for independent study programs we've asked that we be allowed to develop study abroad programs I've already mentioned the International Center these are examples of our efforts to move in the direction of a higher quality a broader concept a type of education that more closely meets the needs of our present day society and finally there is the emergency of the individual consciousness and conscience which may be a strange way of saying what I really want to. I think we have to spend a command tremendous amount of effort and time and money on the strengthening of the liberal arts and humanities programs in the university you may notice that all of our teacher education colleges are now being converted into liberal arts and sciences institutions by nine hundred sixty seven that conversion will have been well along some of them are already at the point where they're able to offer the straight Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor science degrees instead of the earlier teaching degrees this does not mean that they will not be preparing teachers any more it simply means that they will be preparing the same number of teachers with a much broader kind of program we are trying to develop in this matter of individual conscience and consciousness some feeling on the part of our students for what is going on in the world I've mentioned the International Center we are working on a program for the interchange of cultural events from campus to campus. We are trying to develop among the students a greater emphasis on individual responsibility on their participation in the affairs of the campus and the actual operation of the campus this is a fairly new concept in the state university and it will take a while before it catches hold but I truly believe that if we are going to meet these current problems that everyone seems to be talking about and nobody seems to be doing very much about the kinds of things that stem from Berkeley and other outbreaks around the country we are not going to arrive at any solutions until we begin to work with the students not after crises have occurred but rather from the very beginning in terms of their degree of participation in the ongoing life of an institution the degree to which they communicate regularly with faculty and with administration the degree to which they are listened to and given an opportunity to express opinions as relate to the various matters that taking place on a campus this is the kind of thing we are pointing toward and I glad to report that we are making a certain amount of progress even in a very few short months now five sounded too militant in my exposition of the needs of higher education I'm sorry but it's impossible to work every day with the problems arising from these needs without being overwhelmed with the seriousness of what we face and it's equally impossible to do so without being increasingly aware of the part the State University of New York must play there's not the slightest doubt. That this is our last chance in New York to move actively and forthrightly in the direction of a strong excellent State University equal in its intellectual and scientific achievements to the finest institutions in the land if we do not recognize this now we shall never have another opportunity your support and understanding the greatest encouraging ones that we could have given the tools and such encouragement I'm positive that we can do the job thank you. Thank you. Thank you Dr a very very interesting talk and of course now we're going to hear from a gentleman who will talk generally about the private colleges. Dr Edward J. Moore Tyler is also a native of New York. Who like Dr Bakker studied to be a mathematician and like Dr who served in the Navy in World War two from Fordham University he received his V.A. is his Ph D. and his L.H.D.. Later in his career he was a graduate fellow at Fordham and also an assistant registrar More recently he was presented with Fordham's annual achievement award in education so I guess it's pretty safe to say that Dr Moore trial is a good for a man well after teaching at several institutions he became assistant dean at Pace college in one nine hundred forty seven and rose through the ranks found at least assistant dean at Delhi became president and I Dean sixty he is vice president of the Association of Colleges and Universities of the state of New York and he is chairman of that organization's latest legislative committee. Like the two previous speakers Dr Portola has also written a great many articles and other things that he has been honored at numerous occasions and of course he is also active in community affairs and participates with a number of different organizations it is my. Great honor really to. Purvey to introduce the president of pace college Dr Edward J. orto. Like you missed a layman my colleagues and friends on the platform I think it's particularly significant that I should have this opportunity and I'm grateful to you for it to speak today in a conference which concerns itself primarily with the needs on a development of public education as Dr Gold mentioned there has been a great change in the attitudes and New York State in terms of the relationships among the private in a public institutions and certainly there is a growing understanding willingness to work together and to support one another brought about by our associations and by the people who have been appointed to head the institutions that are now so rapidly growing in the public sector. The present America emergency has certainly been rather clearly delineated for us I think if we simply think in terms of the numbers we see in emergency but as Dr Cole is points pointed out there are many elements of the emergency that we must be concerned with the midst of just tick of a forty three percent increase in just a few years and enrollment through out the state as a very conservative one represents emergency proportions itself. If we achieve the full potential of those was a capacity and a desire to attend college even the estimates we have talked about of very very limited indeed. I think perhaps even more important. Is the fact that as a nation of state in a city we are at last moving aggressively to break down the economic barriers to higher education for all the able youth and thus no responsibilities are placed on all of us in public and private education to meet the challenge of helping to alleviate poverty through the role of education so let me then just mention a few of the elements of the structure of education in New York State and perhaps to give a perspective which I think will blend as out of the public and private views in the state. As one might expect statistics especially to the statisticians and mathematicians come out differently and so you will see as a proxy that Al BALCO and I have used some of the same figures for somewhat different conclusions as you know our higher educational establishment in New York State is a federation of all the public and private colleges joined together in the University of the state of New York providing through its board of regents and the State Education Department the legal and the operational framework for which all planning and expansion of educational opportunity can be coordinated as Dr Gold mentioned until World War two there was no State University in New York organized as it is today the State University has accomplished an amazing growth and are now numbers almost three score different institutions growth has been so rapid that one has to recheck history to stick frequently simply to keep up to date I think if we count the new community colleges beginning in Sullivan County we are now up to fifty nine institutions as part of State University I wonder that Dr Gould spend so much time on the road and dealing with major problems. There has been truly a tremendous advance of the development of both private and public a facility in the state during these past twenty years and sometimes land disturbed that we do not recognize truly the full extent of education all too often the facts that we see presented are those which deal only was support of public higher education the implication frequently is that New York state is somehow rather far behind other states in this higher education establishment especially when we compare ourselves with our favorite rival California The fact is that we should compare as Dr Dr Parker did they think is a represent the joined contributions of public and private institutions some of you may have seen in the chart where the period in which appeared in a New York Times education section on Sunday November twenty ninth one thousand nine hundred sixty four showing New York State lagging far behind California as regard to the State University in Rome and operating budget and number of degrees award it it is an accurate report so far as it goes but of course unless we recognize the fact that it represent only public education it might be misleading the complete facts and figures that describe higher education as it really is a New York state namely a federation of some two hundred five public and private colleges and university present a different picture indeed for example we should add to the one hundred seventy four point seven millions of dollars reported for our state universities one nine hundred sixty four budget some seven hundred million dollars for the annual operating budget of the private institutions and approximately at that time eighty millions of dollars for the City University. And Roman for our state university it is true did total less than one hundred thousand as compared with California's three hundred thousand and one nine hundred sixty four but we cannot ignore an enrollment of more than one hundred thousand in the City University and some two hundred and seventy five thousand in private institutions perhaps the most significant evidence of educational productivity in New York State is to be found in the statistics on degrees awarded in the combination of public and private institutions in New York state as compared on the same basis with California in one nine hundred sixty four total degrees awarded in New York State at the patches level work forty four thousand in California so the six thousand master's degrees in New York state thirteen thousand master's degrees in California nine thousand Ph D. degrees eighteen hundred in New York fifteen hundred and California in the fall of one nine hundred sixty four the number of new students in attendance for the first time in institutions in New York State had jumped twenty two percent over the one nine hundred sixty three in California satirize was only three point nine percent whereas the national average was seventeen percent I cite these figures to indicate that we do start out with a great deal of strengths and with a combination of institutions that have produced much of what has been called for in New York State the emergency aid that we face is in times of tremendous growth tremendously rapid growth that in fact public institutions must supply to a very great extent because of the enormous sums that must be spent and Dr Gold has details so very effectively. Let me mention some other additional facts that will serve to give perspective was regard to the development and the support of higher education in New York State. It seems to me that New York State has had and continues to have a truly outstanding system of higher education it does include as Dr Gold mentioned many of the finest colleges and universities in a nation it leads every state in the nation in the production of vitally needed Ph D. degrees Dr William Talley chance of Syracuse University and former president of the New York State Association of Colleges and universities has supplied some revealing statistics on the PH days over a period of a decade in the physical sciences New York produced three thousand six hundred thirty one Ph D. degrees whereas California three thousand five hundred thirty one in the biological sciences New York one thousand nine hundred fifty three California eight hundred sixty two and the arts in the professions New York two thousand four hundred twenty two in California one thousand and seventy three in the social sciences New York thirty five hundred forty two in California one thousand nine hundred seventy seven in education almost five thousand in New York short of eighteen hundred in California if we total up the record we have sixteen thousand four hundred forty one Ph D. degrees from New York ten thousand two hundred thirty five of California I think this is a different that sofa neutral picture of a different one that describes New York State's leadership in education today it underscores again that to maintain that leadership and to achieve new levels of leadership in the areas where we have lagged behind a tremendous joining of the forces of public and private education must be achieved New York State has a rich diversity that makes it possible for student to select from two hundred five institutions of higher education of which as I mentioned one hundred thirty six a private fifty nine are part of State University and ten are part of City University. It is significant that in New York State so so large a sum of money is paid directly to the end of Age of a student to help him in pursuing his education I refer of course to the region scholarships and to the scholar incentive programs that give financial aid to students based upon need and scholarship in the case of the region's scholarships and based on attendance and any fee charging institution on the part of the skull incentive program it is unquestionably true that tremendous expansion is required if we are to double our and Romans as the one nine hundred seventy S. would indicate over the past over ten year period then public private institutions must both carry the load all of us in education are agreed that the greater burden of future expansion must be carried by public institutions indeed the regions master plan which enjoyed general approval by the State Advisory Council on Higher Education and this group represents both public and private sources sectors of higher education indicators that the major growth after nine hundred sixty eight will take place in the state and city universities what must be stressed in this present emergency is that private colleges and universities can and must continue to serve the people of New York state along with the public institutions the precious resource we now have in billions of dollars of physical plant and endowment extraordinary facilities library and research must be preserved and expanded to the fullest extent possible as we also expand public facilities. We are indeed fortunate in the present emergency that there is a genuine understanding among the representatives of all sectors of higher education through the Association of Colleges and Universities of the state of New York and through the commission as advisory council on all of on higher education all of us are brought together in the effort to meet the state's need for a dramatic increase in higher education facilities it is a good day for the citizens of New York state that we can sit down together and discuss one another's plans for meeting the emergency and also in many instances to cooperate with one another in developing and carrying out those plans the private institutions because they do differ so much from one another and because they do not have a common directing borders to the state and city universities unfortunately cannot present a single coordinated plan for meeting the emergency Nevertheless through the agency of the Board of Regents they have submitted their plans for composite treatment in the regions tentative statewide plan that will be reviewed next week in Albany and from this document it becomes clear. That Some forty to fifty thousand additional full time students will be accommodated in private institutions during the next five years perhaps the most encouraging aspects of the expansion being carried out among the private institutions is a reaffirmation of the diversity that is inherent in and so precious to our New York state system one can mention such varied institutions of our New York state educational establishment expanding their physical facilities and also their enrollment capacities some of the institutions that I might mention are Skidmore. Rensselaer Polytechnic Fordham N.Y.U. Manhattanville Briarcliff you Shiva and pace. Surely the diversity that we cherish will be maintained so long as the different types of institutions and New York State continue to expand and to carry a larger share of the burden of providing education for growing numbers of students the question has on occasion been raised as to the possible adverse effects on involvement in private institutions that may arise as a result of the public institutions development and expansion diversity I believe is the chief factors that will prevail students will always seek different conditions of education and will seek or desire private education in almost equal proportions as they have in the past the main problem is that of finance for the private institutions private colleges and universities continue to expand their scholarship programs to a very great extent out of income and also out of gifts and grants and damaged funds of private colleges and universities total almost one and one have billion dollars in a single year almost one hundred thirty million dollars were received in gifts by private institutions for current programs and for capital purposes they awarded in turn scholarship assistance exceeding forty one million dollars entirely out of private resources this is a tremendous help in meeting an emergency that all of us desire to confront successfully by building public education and strengthening private education as we face the task of meeting the overwhelming increase in the student population it seems to me that for private education the most effective sources of help will be found in expansion of the region's scholarship program. In raising the level of support provided by the scholar incentive program in continuing to coordinate planning of public and private facilities through the informal relationships that now exist and also officially through the State Association of Colleges and universities the commission a State Advisory Council and a state education departments planning office that has been so very effective in producing the first tentative statewide plan there is an additional area of student aid that to my mind is a critically important one and that I would like to mention to this audience with the hope that you might give it further thought and consideration this is the possibility of extending as a scholar incentive program to apply to part time students at the present time there are few if any ways to give effective help to needy part time students many of our disadvantaged youth cannot undertake full time education because family needs require that they help need some of the daily living cost of the family this of necessity means part time studying but the student in need of financial assistance who comes from the disadvantaged groups has to work and he has to pay tuition if he would attempt to attend to which in charging institutions if the student has to drive therefore he must attend part time evening classes and find ha'p'orth but unfortunately these people will be working certainly at the young age and in view of presently existing conditions they will be working at a relatively low rate of income so they do need help in order to pursue their evening part time study while holding employment helping themselves and helping their families and trying to meet to wish or need it seems to me that the scholar incentive program if made applicable to part time students on a prorated basis. So that depending on the load of the students carried he may be eligible for assistance as awful time students then we can begin to move more of our disadvantaged students into evening study finally it seems to me to be an obligation on all institutions both public and private to participate in the college work study program authorized by the Economic Opportunity Act of one thousand and sixty four which will help to bring in common educational opportunity to the young men and women who are members of low income families when this program becomes better coordinated in a communities and begins to work effectively Unfortunately I think it has not yet it will bring to those of us who are in the college as a means of coming closer to reality and through service to our community and to the individuals who comprise them I'm happy to have had this opportunity to speak to you on the significant occasion as all of higher education joins forces in this day to meet the president tomorrow to see I have confidence that a great State University a great city university and a great body of Private colleges and universities supported by a citizenry that is determined to bar no one who has a desire and necessary ability to undertake a college education will together provide a solution to the problem of the present emergency thank you very much. Judged thank you very much Dr Laura Tyler for your very interesting talk.